Today, the world observes World Democracy Day, a day dedicated to reflecting on the value of democratic governance, celebrating citizen participation, and examining the pressing challenges facing democracies worldwide. While democracy remains the cornerstone of freedom and accountability, recent events across the globe highlight that these systems are increasingly under strain.
Globally, democratic backsliding has emerged as a major concern. Reports from the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) indicate that 94 countries have experienced declines in at least one measure of democratic performance over the past five years. Key indicators such as press freedom, rule of law, and freedom of expression are under pressure, with the 2025 Global State of Democracy Report noting the steepest decline in press freedom in the past five decades. Countries like Afghanistan, Myanmar, and even South Korea have witnessed significant restrictions on independent media operations, limiting the public’s access to unbiased information and undermining democratic oversight.
In established democracies, challenges also persist. The United States, under the Trump administration, has faced scrutiny for executive actions perceived as undermining institutional checks and balances and curtailing dissent. Experts argue that such actions not only threaten domestic democratic norms but also embolden autocratic leaders globally, signaling a weakening of the global democratic order. These developments serve as a stark reminder that democracy, even in long-standing systems, requires constant vigilance and engagement.
Civil liberties are further threatened in the digital space. Governments around the world are increasingly implementing strict regulations over online communication, often curbing freedom of expression. In Nepal, for instance, the temporary shutdown of major social media platforms cited by authorities as a compliance issue was criticized as an attempt to suppress dissent and control public discourse. Such measures illustrate the delicate balance between regulation and freedom in the modern digital era, highlighting the need to safeguard democratic rights in all spheres of life.
Public resistance and civic activism remain critical to sustaining democracy. In Mali, widespread protests erupted in May 2025, demanding democratic reforms and opposing the extension of presidential terms and the dissolution of political parties. Citizens rallied despite risks, emphasizing that democracy is not merely about elections but about active participation, accountability, and the protection of fundamental freedoms. These demonstrations reflect a broader global truth: democracy survives when people are willing to defend it, often in the face of significant adversity.
World Democracy Day is both a celebration and a call to action. It reminds citizens, governments, and institutions that democracy is not a given but a collective responsibility. Upholding transparency, accountability, equality, and justice requires ongoing commitment and vigilance. In a world grappling with challenges from authoritarian tendencies, civil liberty suppression, and digital control, this day reinforces the importance of defending democratic principles and empowering individuals to shape their societies.
As we commemorate World Democracy Day, the message is clear: democracy thrives when it is actively practiced, protected, and renewed. The global community must recognize the threats, support reforms, and ensure that the power of governance remains in the hands of the people, preserving freedom, justice, and equality for generations to come.