Kathmandu: Nepal is witnessing one of the most intense waves of civil unrest in recent memory, driven by a new generation of activists demanding an end to systemic corruption and economic inequality. The movement, largely led by Gen Z protesters, began as a digital outcry against alleged malpractices within the government but quickly escalated into violent demonstrations across major cities. Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli resigned on September 9, 2025, under mounting pressure as the protests intensified, marking a historic political upheaval in the country.
The unrest was initially triggered by the government’s decision to restrict access to several social media platforms, including Facebook, claiming concerns over fake accounts and cybercrime. However, many young citizens perceived the move as a deliberate attempt to suppress dissent and distract from allegations of corruption. Demonstrations quickly spread from Kathmandu to cities such as Biratnagar, Bharatpur, and Pokhara, with thousands of students and young activists taking to the streets. Protesters carried national flags and placards demanding accountability, emphasizing the demand for transparency in governance.
The situation turned deadly when security forces confronted demonstrators with tear gas, rubber bullets, and batons. Reports indicate that at least 19 people were killed and over 50 injured during clashes with authorities. The scale of violence sparked outrage and solidarity among citizens, fueling further demonstrations and bringing unprecedented attention to the country’s governance issues.
As the protests gained momentum, luxury hotels and properties associated with the political elite became targets of arson attacks, symbolizing public resentment toward the stark wealth disparities in Nepal. High-profile establishments, including the Hilton, Hyatt Regency, and Varnabas Museum Hotel, suffered significant damage. While protest organizers distanced themselves from the violent acts, analysts suggest that the attacks reflect a deeper societal frustration with entrenched inequality and a perceived disconnect between the ruling class and ordinary citizens.
The economic consequences of the protests are already evident. Tourism, a critical sector for Nepal’s economy, has experienced a sharp decline as curfews, destruction of luxury hotels, and ongoing unrest deter visitors. Local businesses are struggling to operate amidst heightened security measures, and the uncertainty has cast a shadow over Nepal’s economic recovery post-pandemic.
The youth-led movement has sparked a national debate over governance, inequality, and political accountability. It has highlighted the urgent need for systemic reforms to rebuild public trust and address deep-rooted corruption. As Nepal navigates the aftermath of these protests, the country faces a pivotal moment in redefining its political landscape, with the younger generation asserting its voice as a powerful force demanding change.