Addis Ababa: Ethiopia has reported its first confirmed outbreak of the Marburg virus, a highly lethal pathogen closely related to Ebola, prompting immediate response measures from national and international health agencies. The outbreak was detected in Jinka, located in the Southern Omo region, after nine individuals tested positive, according to Ethiopia’s Public Health Institute. The confirmation has set off nationwide surveillance and emergency containment strategies.
Health officials revealed that laboratory analysis showed the virus strain matches variants previously seen in East Africa, indicating that the outbreak stems from a known lineage, not a mutated or newly emerging form. Although genetic familiarity offers some clarity for scientists, it does little to diminish concerns, as Marburg virus disease (MVD) is among the world’s deadliest viral infections. Past outbreaks across Africa have shown its fatality rate can range from 24 percent to 88 percent, depending on the timeliness and quality of medical care.
Following the confirmation, Ethiopian authorities initiated a large-scale public-health operation involving contact tracing, isolation of suspected patients, and rapid deployment of medical teams to affected communities. Local health workers are conducting door-to-door screenings and raising awareness among vulnerable populations, urging residents to report symptoms immediately. The government has also strengthened infection-prevention measures in hospitals and clinics to avoid transmission within healthcare settings.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and Africa CDC have mobilized support to Ethiopia, sending technical specialists, laboratory supplies, protective equipment, and emergency isolation units. WHO officials commended the Ethiopian government for its swift and transparent response to the crisis, noting that early detection significantly improves the chances of containing the virus before it spreads to larger population centers or across borders.
Marburg virus is transmitted to humans primarily from fruit bats and spreads between people through direct contact with bodily fluids of infected individuals. Symptoms typically begin with high fever, intense headache, and severe weakness, progressing rapidly to vomiting, diarrhea, and, in severe cases, hemorrhaging. With no approved vaccine or antiviral treatment, patient care largely depends on supportive therapy such as rehydration and the management of symptoms and complications.
Regional governments are monitoring the situation closely, particularly in neighboring South Sudan, where health systems are fragile and any cross-border spread could escalate into a humanitarian emergency. Public-health experts warn that while the number of cases remains limited, the high mortality rate and the absence of a cure require continued vigilance.
Ethiopian authorities have urged the public to remain calm but cautious, emphasizing the importance of hygiene practices, avoiding unsafe burials, and adhering to all guidelines issued by the health ministry. As containment efforts intensify, the focus remains on preventing further transmission and averting a broader health crisis in the Horn of Africa.