Paris: Ukraine and France have taken a major step toward strengthening Kyiv’s long term defence needs, with President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and French President Emmanuel Macron announcing plans for Ukraine to acquire up to 100 Rafale fighter jets along with new air defence systems.

During Zelenskiy’s visit to Paris, the two leaders signed a letter of intent that lays the foundation for one of Ukraine’s biggest defence partnerships since the war began. The agreement includes modern warplanes, advanced air defence batteries, drones, bombs and training support.

The French made Rafale jets are expected to be delivered over the next decade. Officials said the aircraft will come from new production lines, underscoring France’s commitment to building Ukraine’s future air force rather than simply offering short term battlefield support.

However, the document signed is not yet a final purchase contract. Financing arrangements still need to be settled, and the number of jets in the first batches has not been confirmed.

European Union funds and possible use of frozen Russian assets are being discussed as potential sources of financing, but member states have yet to agree on a final mechanism.

Zelenskiy described the agreement as an investment in Ukraine’s security for generations. He said the Rafale jets will help Ukraine build a strong air force capable of protecting its skies even after the war. Macron said France is committed to supporting Ukraine for as long as needed and ensuring Kyiv has the tools to defend itself.

Experts say the plan marks a shift from short term military aid to long term rebuilding of Ukraine’s defence systems. But they also warn that training pilots, setting up infrastructure and maintaining new aircraft will require significant time and resources.

This means the immediate impact on the battlefield will be limited, even though the long term benefits could be substantial.

The deal also strengthens France’s role in European defence and boosts the French defence industry, which saw positive reactions following the announcement. It signals that Europe is preparing for long term security challenges and sees Ukraine as a critical partner in that effort.

Further details, including the delivery schedule, training plans and exact components of the air defence package, are expected in the coming months as both sides work toward a full contract.